immeubles^(F)

house; building(especially an apartment building); property; immovable; premises. Immeubles ('immovables') constitute one of the main categories of biens (property) and correspond closely to real property in the common law, being property that includes land and buildings and anything permanently affixed to land; as distinguished from meubles, which is property that is not connected with land. The French Civil code states that all property (biens) is meubles or immeubles (art. 516). Immeubles are classified by nature; by destination; or by objet (art. 517). Land (fonds de terre) and buildings are immeubles by their nature (art. 518). Anything that may be considered part and parcel of the land or buildings, e.g. a tree or plant (except in a container or pot), vegetation that is not to be cropped, an elevator in a building, etc., are by their nature immeubles. In addition, a number of items are expressed to be immeubles par nature e.g. a wind or water mill that is fixed by piliers (posts or columns) and has become part of the building; root vegetables and fruit on a tree; water pipes that serve a house. Any parts of the structure of a building, as well as anything that cannot be removed without causing damage to the building is a part thereof, as well as most items fixed by plaster, welding or by cement, woodwork, a tableau or a similar ornament. A statue placed in a special niche or that cannot be removed without causing damage becomes an immeuble (C. Civ., arts. 519 et seq.). Immeubles par destination comprises property that would normally be considered as 'moveable', but has been so affixed to land, or a building, that it has become a part thereof; in particular, an item that has been fixed to an immovable "for the service and exploitation of the property", C. Civ., art. 524. Immeubles par objet comprises 'rights to property' the object of which is immovable, i.e. real rights that are less than ownership (e.g. usufruct or a servitude) and a right of action for a title to land (C. Civ., art. 526).
Under the Louisiana Civil Code (arts. 468, 469) 'immovables by destination' are defined to include "Things which the owner of a tract has placed upon it for its service or improvement … [and] all such movables as the owner has attached permanently to the tenement or to the building are likewise immovables by destination", Morton Trust Co. v. American Salt Co., 149 F 540, 542 (La 1906).
(biens immeubles: real estate; real property)
(gérant d'immeubles: property manager)
(immeuble collectif: tenement, in the sense of a building in multiple occupation)
(immeuble commercial: commercial property; commercial building, business premises)
(immeuble d'appartements: apartment building; block of flats)
(immeuble d'exploitation: business premises)
(immeuble d'habitation: dwelling house; residential building)
(immeuble de grandstanding: prestige building)
(vente d'immeuble: property sale).

Terms in bold are defined elsewhere in the Encyclopedia.
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